中国蚌科线粒体16SrRNA序列变异及系统发育
PHYLOGENY OF THE UNIONIDAE BASED ON PARTIAL MITOCHONDRIAL 16S rRNA SEQUENCES
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摘要: 首次测定了中国淡水贝类--蚌科(Unionidae)13个属代表种类的线粒体1S rRNA部分序列.用Clustal-X排序软件进行16SrRNA序列的对位排列,序列总长度为305-320bp.通过Mega 2.0软件对所得线粒体16SrRNA片段序列进行比较,共发现108个碱基存在变异,其中包括77个简约信息位点,并用"Pairwise distance"计算了各属间的相对遗传距离.以贻贝为外类群,采用Mega 2.0软件中的"Neighbore-Joining"法得到惟一一个分子系统树,系统树各分支的置信度由"Bootstrap"1000循环检验.结果表明:分布于中国的蚌科形成三个明显的类群,第一个类群,包括帆蚌属、蛏蚌属、丽蚌属和尖锄蚌属;第二个类群,由矛蚌属、扭蚌属、裂脊蚌属、鳞皮蚌属、尖嵴蚌属、楔蚌属和珠蚌属组成;第三个类群只包括无齿蚌和冠蚌两个属.由此可以看出,它们有可能分别隶属于三个不同的亚科,即小方蚌亚科(帆蚌属、蛏蚌属、丽蚌属和尖锄蚌属)、无齿蚌亚科(无齿蚌属和冠蚌属)和珠蚌亚科(矛蚌属、扭蚌属、裂脊蚌属、鳞皮蚌属、尖嵴蚌属、楔蚌属和珠蚌属),由此证明小方蚌亚科在中国的存在,并且,对几个属的分类位置作了调整.其中鳞皮蚌属和蛏蚌属原来属于无齿蚌亚科,根据线粒体1S rRNA的结果,前者应该放在珠蚌亚科,后者则归于小方蚌亚科;帆蚌属、丽蚌属和尖锄蚌属原来都放在珠蚌亚科,现把它们放在小方蚌亚科可能更为合适.Abstract: This study presents the mitochondrial 16S rRNA partial sequences representing 13 genera of Chinese freshwater mussel Unionidae. Alignments were conducted with the help of Clustal X.After alignment,there were 305-320 sites. Sequence variations were analyzed with Mega 2.0 software,one hundred and eight sites were variable,among which there were seventy seven phylogenetically informative sites."Pairwise distances" were computed among the 13 genera with Mytilus edulis designated as outgroup. Only one molecular phylogenetic tree was obtained using Neighbore Joining method of Mega 2.0.The bootstrap analyses (1000 replications) were performed to test the confidence of nodes. According to our results,Unionidae recorded from China group to three clades: a basal Hyriopsis + Solenaia + Lamprotula + Ptychorhynchus clade,an Acuticosta + Unio + Ar2conaia + Cuneopsis + Lanceolaria + Schistodesmus + Arconaia calde and an Anodonta + Cristaria clade. Therefore,Chinese unionids should be divided into three subfamilies: Ambleminae( Hyriopsis + Solenaia + Lamprotula + Ptychorhynchus ),Anodontinae( Anodonta + Cristaria ) and Unioninae ( Acuticosta + Unio + Arconaia + Cuneopsis + Lanceolaria + Schistodesmus + Arconaia ),which also demonstrates the existence of Ambleminae in China. Thereinto,the analysis of mitochondrial 16S rRNA indicates that Solenaia and Lepidodesma,which were placed Anodontinae before,should be moved to the subfamily Ambleminae and Unioninae respectively. To more accurately reflect the phylogeny, Hyriopsis, Lamprotula and Ptychorhynchus should be moved to the subfamily Ambleminae.
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Keywords:
- Unionidae /
- Mitochondrial DNA /
- 16S rRNA /
- Phylogeny
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Acta Hydrob.Sinica,2001,25(3):358-361.[王伟,何舜平,中岛经夫.日本产和中国产中华细鲫的RAPD分析. 水生生物学报,2001,25(3):358-361][3] Yi L,Wang W,Li M Y,et al,A study on the geographical differentiation of Rhodeus ocellatus based on RAPD analysis [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2001,25(3):301-304.[易犁,王伟,李墨怡,等.基于RAPD分析的高体(鱼旁)(鱼皮)地理分化研究. 水生生物学报,2001,25(3):301-304][4] Lü X M,Wang Y X,Zhang Y P,Divergence and phylogeny of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene from species in Nycticebus [J]. Zoolog-ical Research. 2001,22(2):93-98.[吕雪梅,王应祥,张亚平. 蜂猴线粒体细胞色素b基因变异特点及系统发育分析. 动物学研究,2001,22(2):93-98][5] Jiang H Y,Lu P H,Li Y M,Study of the relationship among five species of muscicapidae by mtDNA sequence [J]. Heeditas. 2000,22(1):21-24.[姜海英,陆佩洪,李悦民.(翁鸟)科五种鸟线粒体DNA 序列变化与亲缘关系的研究.遗传,2000,22(1):21-24][6] Geller J B,Carlton J T, Powers D A.Interspecific and intrapopulation variation in mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences of Mytilus spp. (Bivalvia:Mollusca)[J]. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology,1993,2:44-50[7] Lydeard C,Mulvey M, Davis G M.Molecular systematics and evolution of reproductive traits of North American freshwater unionacean mussels (Mollusca:Bivalvia) as inferred from 16S rRNA gene sequences [J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London,1996,351(1347):1593-1603[8] Auseul F M.Short protocols in Molecular Biology(2nd Ed) [M]. London:John Wiley & Sons.1992[9] Thompson J D,Gibson T J,Plewniak F,et al.The ClustalX windows interface:flexible strategies ed for multiple sequences alignment aided by quality analysis,tools [J]. Nucleic Acids Research,1997,25(24):4876-4882[10] Kumar S,Tamura K,Jakobsen I B, et al.MEGA 2.0:Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis software [M]. Arizona State University,Tempe,Arizona,USA.2001[11] Flesenstein J.Confidence limits on phylogenies:An approach using the bootstrap [J]. Evolution,1985,39:783-791[12] Ortmann A E.Notes upon the families and genera of the Najades [J]. Annals of the Carnegie Museum,1912,8:222-365［13］Hannibal H A.synopsis of the Recent and Tertiary freshwater Mollusca of the California Province,based upon an ontogenic classification [J]. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London,1912,10:112-211,pls.5-8[14] Haas F.Superfamily Unionacea.In:Treatise on Invertbrate Paleontology,PartN,Mollusca,6(R.C.Moore,ed),Bivalvial:N411-N470[M].Geological Society of America,Inc.,Boulder,Colorado.1969b[15] Heard W H Guckert R H.A re-evalution of the recent Unionacea(Pelecypoda)of North America[J]. Malacologia,1971,10:333-355[16] Liu Y Y,Economic Fauna Sinica-Freshwater Mollusk [M]. Beijing: Science Press 1979,66-116.[刘月英.中国经济动物志-淡水软体动物,北京:科学出版社,1979,66-116][17] Modell H.Das naurliche system der najadern [J]. Archiv für Molluskenkunde,1964,93:71-106[18] Brandt R A M.The non-marine aquatic Mollusca of Thailand[J]. Archiv für Molluskenkunde,1974,105(I-IV):1-423[19] Heude R P.Conchyliogie fluviatile de la province de Nanking [M]. Paris,1875-1886[20] Simpson C T.Synopsis of the naiads,of pearly freshwater mussels[J]. Proceedings of the U.S.National Museum,1990,22:501-1075[21] Haas F.Superfamilia Unionacea[M].In: Das tierrich (H.Wermuth,ed.),1969a,88:Berlin-1,Germany[22] Moore R C.Treatise on invertebrate Palaeontology[M]. Part N.2.Mollusca 6 bivalvia. Geological Soc. Am.Inc.And Univ.Kansas,1969[23] Davis G M. Genetic relationship among some North America Unionidae:sibling species,convergence,and cladistic relationships[J]. Malacologia,1984,25(2):629-648[24] Simpson C T.A descriptive catalogue of the naiades or pearly freshwater mussels[M].Privately published by Bryant Walker,Detroit,Michigan,1914[25] Wu X P,Liang Y L,Wang H Z.A comparative study on glochidial morphology of Unionidae(Bivalvia)I. Unio douglasiae,Cuneopsis pisciulus,Acuticosta Chinensis and Acuticosta ovata [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1999,23(2):141-145.[吴小平,梁彦龄,王洪铸.蚌科钩介幼虫比较形态学研究,I四个种幼虫的形态. 水生生物学报,1999,23(2):141-145][26] Wu X P,Liang Y L,Wang H Z,Ouyang S.A comparative study on glochidial morphology of Unionidae(Bivalvia)Ⅱ. Lanceolata,Lamprotula,Hyriopsis and Cristaria [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2000,24(3):252-256.[吴小平,梁彦龄,王洪铸,欧阳珊. 蚌科钩介幼虫比较形态学研究,Ⅱ六个种幼虫的形态.水生生物学报,2000,24(3):252-256]
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