中华倒刺鲃幼鱼饲料蛋白质需求量的研究
DIETARY PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR JUVENILE SPINIBARBUS SINENSIS
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摘要: 以白鱼粉为蛋白源，设计了6个不同蛋白质含量(20.49％、26.48％、34.20％、41.02％、49.94％和55.86％，分别表示为D1、D2、D3、D4、D5和D6)的等能饲料，采用室内循环水养殖系统，在水温为(27.5±0.5)℃的条件下对中华倒刺鲃幼鱼进行10周的养殖实验，探讨中华倒刺鲃幼鱼对饲料蛋白质的需求量。每个处理设4个重复，每个重复12尾鱼。结果显示:干物质摄食率(FRdm)随饲料蛋白质含量升高呈先降低然后稳定的趋势;蛋白质摄食率(FRp)与饲料蛋白质含量呈正相关关系(r=0.982，p＜0.01)。干物质表观消化率随饲料蛋白质含量增加而降低，蛋白质消化率在各组间无显著差异。随饲料蛋白质含量由D1逐渐增加至D4，体重特定生长率(SGRw)、能量特定生长率(SGRe)和饲料效率(FE)均显著增高(p＜0.05)，而D4、D5和D6组间无显著差异，其中D4组的三个指标值均最高，分别为(0.97±0.04)％/d、(0.87±0.04)％/d、(68.96±3.00)％。蛋白质效率(PER)、蛋白质累积率(PPV)和能量累积率(EPV)在各饲料组间均存在显著差异。以SGRw、SGRe和FE为指标，采用折线模型分析表明，中华倒刺鲃幼鱼的最适饲料蛋白质含量为39.6％-42.2％。Abstract: The objective of th is studywas to investigate the dietary protein requirement of the juvenile Spinibarbus sinensis and determine effects of dietary protein levels on feed intake, growth and nutrition utilization. W hite fish mealwas used as the dietary protein source, and six isocaloric expermi ental diets were formulated to contain d ifferent protein levels of 20.49%, 26.48%, 34.20%, 41.02%, 49.94% and 55.86% (referred to as D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6 respectively). Each treatment had four replicates and 12 fish (in itialweight of (10.36 ± 1.40) g (mean ± S.D.)) of each replicatewere reared in a circulated filtered system for 10 weeks at (27.5 ± 0.5) e in a circu lated filtered rearing system. Fish were hand fed to satiation once daily at 18: 00. Feceswere collected from the second week by siphoning and washed mi med iately everyday. A sample of 9 fish at the start of feeding expermi ent and 4 fish per group at the end of expermi ent were sampled and stored frozen at-26℃ for proxmi ate composition analysis1 Fish were weighted individually after 48h starvation at the end of the expermi ent. The results showed that as dietary protein increased, the feeding rate of drymatter (FRdm) decreased gradually from D1 toD4 firstly, and then leveled off1However, a positive correlation between the feeding rate of protein (FRp) and die-tary protein levels was found (r= 0.982,ppSGRw), specific growth rates of energy (SGRe) and feed efficiency (FE) were significantly increased from D1 up toD4 (pSGRw, SGRe and FE reached a plateau and did not d iffer significan-tly among D4, D5 and D6. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) decreased from 178.23 to 116.60% as dietary protein level increased from D1 to D6. Values of protein productive values (PPV) had a smi ilar trend like PER, which decreased from 23.92 to 18.62% as dietary protein levels increased from D1 to D6. Energy productive values (EPV) significantly in-creased from (20.05 ± 0.39) to (28.87 ± 0.81)% as dietary protein increased from D1 to D4, then decreased to (23.49 ± 2.00)% for D6. Based on the broken linemodels between SGRw, SGRe, FE and d ietary protein levels, the optmi al d ietary protein requirement for juvenileS. sinensis was estmi ated to be 39.6% -42.2% when wh ite fish mealwas the sole protein source and the dietary energy valuewas 15.71M J/kg. This optmi um d ietary protein level for juvenileS. sinensis is higher than some other omnivorous fishes. It suggested that the food hab it of juven ileS. sinensis preferring an-imal plankton and zooplankton make it need more dietary protein for growth1 Smi ultaneously, the growth rate of juvenile S. sinensis is slower than those of some other fish species, which could be due to its small diet intake ratio and low apparent digestibility of dietary protein.
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