初始硝酸钠浓度对魏氏真眼点藻的生长、形态和油脂积累的影响
EFFECTS OF INITIAL NITROGEN SUPPLY ON THE GROWTH, MORPHOLOGY AND LIPID ACCUMULATION OF OLEAGINOUS MICROALGA EUSTIGMATOS VISCHERI (EUSTIGMATOPHYCEAE)
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摘要: 为了确定不同初始氮供应水平对产油微藻魏氏真眼点藻(Eustigmatos vischeri)生长、形态和油脂积累的影响, 本研究通过在改良的BG-11培养基中设置4种不同的初始硝酸钠浓度(17.6、11.7、5.9和3.0 mmol/L)对魏氏真眼点藻(E. vischeri)进行培养。观察结果表明, 魏氏真眼点藻(E. vischeri)的营养细胞为一具裂叶状叶绿体、细胞质中有一红色素体和许多振动颗粒及光滑细胞壁的球形单细胞; 细胞繁殖方式主要是形成二分裂和四分裂的似亲孢子。在低氮条件下, 随着培养时间的延长, 细胞内油体逐步形成, 至培养末期占据细胞的大部分空间, 同时培养物的颜色也由绿色向黄绿色转变, 最终呈橙黄色。实验结果表明, 魏氏真眼点藻(E. vischeri)生物质浓度在17.6 mmol/L组获得最大值为9.14 g/L; 总脂、中性脂和总脂肪酸三者占干重的含量随着初始硝酸钠浓度的降低而升高, 在3.0 mmol/L组获得最高值, 分别为60.81%、56.59%和53.47%; 三者的单位体积产率均在5.9 mmol/L组获得最高值, 分别为0.24、0.21和0.20 g/(Ld); 主要脂肪酸组成为棕榈酸(C16:0)、棕榈油酸(C16:1)、油酸(C18:1)和二十碳五烯酸(C20:53, EPA), 其中棕榈油酸的含量最高。上述研究表明, 魏氏真眼点藻(E. vischeri)是一株适合于生产生物柴油和长链不饱和脂肪酸EPA的高产油微藻。Abstract: This research aimed at analysing the effects of initial nitrogen supply on the growth, morphology and lipids accumulation of an oleaginous microalga of Eustigmatophyceae, Eustigmatos vischeri. E. vischeri was grown in modified BG-11 medium containing four different initial concentrations of sodium nitrate (17.6 mmol/L, 11.7 mmol/L, 5.9 mmol/L and 3.0 mmol/L). The cell morphology and oil droplets formation process of E. vischeri were observed under microscope. It was found that the vegetative cells of E. vischeri were spherical unicellular with smooth cell wall and containing a lobed chloroplast, a red pigment body and many vibrating ganules in cytoplasm. The main reproduction way is by forming autospore such as binary or quadripartition division. With the prolongation of cultivation time, the oil droplets formed gradually under nitrogen depletion. Then, the oil droplets became larger and mutual fusion into larger and larger oil bodies, eventually occupied the main part of the cell. Moreover, the color of cultures changed from green to yellow-green, finally to orange-yellow. The physiological results showed that the highest biomass concentration was occurred at the initial sodium nitrate concentration of 17.6 mmol/L, up to 9.14 g/L. The contents of total lipid (TLs), neutral lipids (NLs) and total fatty acids (TFAs) increased following the reduction of nitrogen concentration. Their maximum contents reached to 60.81%, 56.59% and 53.47% at the basis of dry cell weight, respectively. However, the highest volumetric productivity of TLs, NLs and TFAs were up to 0.24, 0.21 and 0.20 g/(Ld) at 5.9 mmol/L of sodium nitrate, respectively. In addition, the main components of fatty acid were palmic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, among them, the content of palmitoleic acid was highest one. As a whole, E. vischeri was an oleaginous microalga, suitable for the production of biodiesel and high value-adding of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid EPA.
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Keywords:
- Eustigmatos vischeri /
- Sodium nitrate /
- Biomass concentration /
- Total lipid /
- Fatty acid /
- Volumetric productivity
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