中华鳖性腺的发生与发育研究
MORPHOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL OBSERVATION OF GONADAL DEVELOPMENT IN SOFT-SHELLED TURTLE,TRIONYX SINENSIS
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摘要: 为了揭示中华鳖性腺的发生与发育规律,在(32±0.5)℃温度下孵化鳖卵,72h时,从组织切片中可见原始生殖细胞移向中肠附近的内胚层;第5天生殖嵴形成;第3天性腺分化为皮质和髓质;第6天性腺开始分化为精巢或卵巢,至第22天时分化结束,形成精巢或卵巢。胚胎期、稚鳖和龄鳖的性腺均呈短细管状,表面光滑,无色,胶状透明;2龄、3龄、4龄鳖的精巢呈长椭圆形。稚鳖的卵巢发育至卵原细胞期,组成精巢的曲细精管不明显,管内为精原细胞;龄幼鳖的卵巢发育至初级卵泡期,精巢的曲细精管内精原细胞的数量增加;2龄和3龄鳖的卵巢处于生长卵泡期,3龄末的卵巢内可见到成熟卵泡,2龄鳖的曲细精管内出现初级精母细胞,3龄末的曲细精管开始出现精细胞和精子;4龄鳖的卵巢发育至成熟卵泡期,曲细精管内由管壁向管腔依次为精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精细胞和精子。结果表明,在(32±0.5)℃温度下,鳖胚发育至22d时,精巢或卵巢形成;在自然条件下,中华鳖至4龄时,性腺才完全发育成熟。Abstract: In order to reveal the law of gonadal occurrence and development,the fertilized eggs were incubated in the thermostat in soft-shelled turtle,Trionyx sinensis.Hatching medium was coarse: medium: fine sand(volume ratio 1∶4∶1) with the temperature of(3-±0.5)℃ and the humidity of 7%- 8%.The relative humidity was 75%- 80%.The samples were fixed in Bouins' liquid,including embryo of 1- 16d,17d,and then,the gonad of 7d after going out of shell and that of the one,two,three and four-year-old turtles.Fixed samples were embedded in paraffin,sliced and stained with HE.Simultaneously,the embryo proper of 16- 4d after incubation was anatomized and the gonad was measured.Same treatment was applied in female and male turtles of 7d out of shell,one,two,three and four-year-old.Results showed that primordial germ cells moved to the endoderm in the vicinity of the midgut at 7-h after incubation.Genital ridge developed at the 5d,and the gonad differentiated into the cortex and medulla at the 13d.After three days,the gonad began to differentiate and the testis or ovarian formed at the --d.Smooth in the surface,colorless and transparent tremellosely,the gonad was a slim short tubule at embryonic period in young soft shelled turtle and one-year-old turtle.The testis was long-oval at two,three and four-year-old turtles.The sizes of 16d,-0d,-8d and 34d gonad were 0.64 mm×0.2- mm,0.83 mm×0.27 mm,1.00 mm×0.29 mm and 1.21 mm×0.3- mm respectively.The sizes of ovary were(1.37±0.14) mm×(0.51±0.07) mm,(7.60±0.95) mm×(2.94±0.45) mm and(45.9±4.08) mm×(4.10±0.47) mm respectively in the 7d turtle out of shell and one,two-year-old turtle,while those of testis were(1.21±0.16) mm×(0.37±0.05) mm,(12.21±4.25) mm×(3.37±0.70) mm,(25.40±1.00) mm×(9.09±0.20) mm,(27.36±0.85) mm×(10.33±0.14) mm and(38.76±3.36) mm×(15.71±2.00) mm respectively in the 7d turtle out of shell and one,two,three and four-year-old turtles.Oogonial period was observed at the ovarian development in young soft shelled turtle.Seminiferous tubule of testis was not obvious with the spermatogonia in the tubule at oogonial period of ovaries.Primary follicular period was found at the ovarian development in one-year-old turtle,and the number of spermatogonia increased in the seminiferous tubule of testis.The ovary was at the growing follicular period in two and three-year-old turtle,and mature follicular was observed in the ovary at the end of three-year-old turtle.Primary spermatocyte was observed in the seminiferous tubule of two-year-old turtle,and spermatid and sperm occurred in the seminiferous tubule of three-year-old turtle.The ovarian development of four-year-old turtle was at the mature follicular period.Spermatogenous cell,primary spermatocyte,secondary spermatocyte,spermatid and sperm arranged in turn from tube wall to lumen in the seminiferous tubule.The conclusion was that the testis or ovarian formed at the 22d of the embryonic development in Trionyx sinensis at(3-±0.5) ℃,however,the gonadal development and maturity occurred at four-year-old turtle in natural conditions.
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Keywords:
- Trionyx sinensis /
- Gonad /
- Development /
- Morphology /
- Histology
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